61阅读

职称英语新增文章-2015年职称英语理工A补全短文新增文章译文Affectionate_Androids

发布时间:2018-04-18 所属栏目:2013职称英语理工b

一 : 2015年职称英语理工A补全短文新增文章译文Affectionate_Androids

理工A补全短文新增文章:

+第十三篇 Affectionate Androids

深情的机器人

Computers are now powerful enough to allow the age of humanoid robots to dawn1. And it won’t be long before we will see realistic cyber companions, complete with skin, dexterity, and intelligence. They will be programmed to tend to your every need.

计算机技术已经足够成熟,能够支持人形机器人的诞生和普及,进入人形机器人的时代。那些有着人类的皮肤、敏捷性、智力的机器人,已经离我们不远了。它们将被设计成能满足我们所有的需求。

Will we ever want to marry robots? Artificial intelligence researcher David Levy has published a book claiming human-robot relationships will become popular in the next few decades. And if you want to go ahead and tie the knot with your special electronic friend,Levy said that such marriages will be socially acceptable by around 2050.(1)

我们会不会想和机器人结婚呢?人工智能研究人员大卫莱维曾出版过一本书,在书中,他认为,人与机器之间的交流在几十年内将会变得很常见,而如果你想和你的特别的电子朋友恋爱结婚,莱维认为,这种婚姻关系将在2050年左右得到社会认可。

Will humans really be able to form deep emotional attachments to machines? It will, in fact, be relatively easy to form these strong attachments because the human mind loves to anthropomorphize: to give human attributes to other creatures—even objects.

人们真的能够对机器产生深厚的感情吗?事实上,产生这种感情不难,因为人脑喜欢将物体拟人化,也就是给其他生物甚至物体赋予人类特质。

For example, researchers in San Diego recently put a small humanoid robot in with a toddler playgroup for several months. The bot knew each child because it was programmed with face and voice recognition,and it giggled when tickled.(2)The children ended up treating it as a fellow toddler. When it lay down because its batteries were flat,the kids even covered it with a blanket.

比如说,圣地亚哥的研究人员曾将一个小型的人形机器人放置在一个儿童游乐场里几个月时间。这个机器人认识每一个孩子,因为内在的程序系统赋予了他人脸识别和声音识别能力,并且当有人给它挠痒痒的时候它还会笑。最后,孩子们都把它当做自己的同伴。当它因为没电而躺倒在地的时候,孩子们甚至给它盖上毯子。

In a few decades, when humanoid robots with plastic skin look and feel very real, will people want to form relationships with them? What if the bots could hold a conversation? And be programmed to be the perfect companions—soul mates, even? Maybe your generation could resist, but eventually there will be a generation of people who grow up with humanoid robots as a normal part of life.(3)And like those toddlers in the experiment, they will be very accepting of them.

几十年之后,当人形机器人有着类似人类的皮肤,并且看上去和摸上去都非常像真人的时候,人们会不会想和它们发展深入的关系呢?要是机器人能进行对话,情况会怎样呢?要是编程能使它们变成完美的同伴,甚至灵魂伴侣,情况又会怎样呢?可能我们这一代人会反对这种情况,但是最终会有一代人将同机器人一同长大,将机器人视为正常生活的一部分。

The next question, then, is whether there is anything wrong with having an emotional relationship with a machine. Even today there are people who form deep attachments to their pets and use them as substitutes for friends or even children. Few consider that unethical.

下一个问题是,同机器人发展感情关系有没有什么问题。即使是现在,也有许多人对他

们的宠物产生深厚的依恋,并以此代表朋友甚至孩子。很少有人认为这种行为有违道德。

But a sophisticated robot will probably be even more attractive.(4)For those who always seem to end up marrying the wrong man or woman, a robotic Mr. or Ms. Right could be mighty tempting. As the father of artificial intelligence, Marvin Minsky, put it when asked about the ethics of lonely older people forming close relationships with robots: “If a robot had all the virtues of a person and was smarter and more understanding, why would the elderly bother talking to other grumpy old people?”

但是复杂的机器人可能更有吸引力。对于那些看上去老是和错误的人结婚的人来说,一个机器人另一半可能非常有诱惑力。人工智能之父马文明斯基谈到孤独的老人与机器人产生亲密关系这一问题时说:“如果机器人有人类所拥有的所有美德,并且更聪明,更善解人意,那么老人干吗还要费劲同另一个脾气暴躁的老人交谈呢?”

A robot could be programmed to be as dumb or smart, as independent or subservient, as an owner desired. And that’s the big disadvantage. Having the perfect robot partner will damage the ability to form equally deep human-human relationships. People will always seem imperfect in comparison. When you’re behaving badly, a good friend will tell you. However, few owners will program their robots to point out their flaws.(5)

一台机器人可以按照主人的要求被设定成蠢笨的,也可以设定成聪明的,或者性格独立的,或者屈从温顺的,而这正是机器人的一大缺陷。拥有这样一个完美的机器人伙伴会损害人们形成亲密的人与人之间关系的能力,因为其他人同机器人比起来,总是显得不够完美。当你有做的不对的地方时,好朋友总是会告诉你,但是很少有人会将自己的机器人设定为会指出自己的不足。

People in relationships have to learn to adapt to each other: to enjoy their common interests and to deal with their differences. It makes us richer, stronger, and wiser. A robot companion will be perfect at the start. However, there will be nothing to move the relationship to grow to greater heights.

处在人际关系中的人必需要学会互相适应:享受共同的兴趣,同时妥善处理分歧,这使得我们更充盈、更强大、更富有智慧。在一开始的时候机器人朋友也会显得很完美,但这对于我们将关系深入发展没有益处。

答案与题解:

1.C 前文讲到David在书中认为人与机器人的关系在几十年后将变得普遍,因此接下来应该继续讲这种

普遍性是怎样的。

2.F 前文讲在圣地亚哥的一个实验,研究人员将机器人放在儿童游乐园里,要填的句子应该是介绍这个

机器人。

3.E 前文提了几个问题,是关于我们对人与机器人关系的看法,而后文讲“他们”会乐于接受,因此要

填的句子应该是两类人的对比。E项讲我们这一代人可能会反对,但下一代人就不一定了,符合意思。

4.B 前文讲有人和宠物发展深厚关系,后面讲的是与机器人发展深厚关系的吸引人之处,因此这里应该

讲机器人做伴侣的好处。

5.D 前文讲好朋友会在你犯错的时候指出来,这里应该是表示对比——机器人不会这么做。

*第十二篇 Free Statins With Fast Food Could Neutralize Heart Risk

Fast food outlets could provide statin drugs free of 1 so that customers can reduce the heart disease dangers of fatty food, researchers at Imperial College London 2 in a new

study.

Statins reduce the 3 of unhealthy ”LDL” cholesterol in the blood.

A wealth of trial data has proven them to be highly effective at lowering a person’s heart attack 4 .

In a paper published in the American Journal of Cardiology,Dr Darrel Francis and colleagues calculate that the reduction in heart attack risk offered by a statin is 5 to offset the increase in heart attack risk from 6 a cheeseburger and drinking a milkshake.

Dr Francis,from the National Heart and Lung Institute at Imperial College London,who is the senior author of the study, said:”Statins don’t cut out a11 of the 7 effects of cheeseburgers and French fries.It’s better to avoid fatty food altogether.But we’ve worked out that in terms of your 8 of having a heart attack. Taking a statin can reduce your risk to more or less the same 9 as a fast food meal increases it.” “It’s ironic that people are free to take as many unhealthv condiments in fast food outlets as they 10 , but statins, which are beneficial to heart health, have to be prescribed. It makes sense to make risk-reducing statins available just as easily as the unhealthy condiments that are l 1 free of charge.It would cost less than 5 pence per 1 2 一not much different to a sachet of sugar.” Dr Francis said.

When people engage in risky behaviours like driving or smoking, they’re encouraged to take 13 that lower their risk, 1ike 14 a seatbelt or choosing cigarettes with filters. Taking a statin is a rational way of 1 5 some of the risks of eating a fatty meal. 词汇:

statin/'st? tIn! n.降胆固醇药物

outlet/'autlit/ n.销售点

cholesterol/ k?'lest?r?l / n.胆固醇

offset /,?f'set/ V. 抵消,补偿

cheeseburger/ 't?i:z,b?:ɡ? / n.芝士汉堡包

milkshake! 'milk?eik / n.奶昔

condiment /'k?ndim?nt]! n .调味品

sachet /'s?t?ei / ii .小袋,小包

rational / 'r???n?l / adj.合理的

注释:

1. Fast food outlets could provide statin drugs: 句中的could 是一种委婉表达建议的用词,意为“可以”。

2. Imperial College London: 帝国理工学院。该学院于1907 年由城市和行会学校、皇家矿业学校以及皇家科学学院合并组成。学院于2007 年7月正式脱离伦敦大学成为一所独立大学。提供本科和研究生教育,共有四个学院,工程学院、医学院、自然科学院和生命科学

3. LDL cholesterol: 低密度脂蛋白胆固醇。LDL是low density lipoprotein(低密度脂蛋白)的缩写形式。

4. a wealth of trial data: 大量的试验数据。a wealth of意为“大量的,许多”。

5. American Journal of Cardiology: 美国心脏病学杂志

6. French fries:炸薯条

7.It makes sense...: make sense 意为“说得通,合情合理”。

8. a sachet of sugar: 一小袋糖。快餐店一般备有袋糖,供饮咖啡或热奶的顾客免费取用。 练习:

1.A change B charge C chain D chance

2.A trust B decide C suggest D calculate

3.A number B amount C volume D product

4.A frequency B treatment C diagnosis D risk

5.A severe B enough C weak D active

6.A buying B preparing C eating D cooking

7.A unhealthy B strong C different D doubtful

8.A examination B suffering C determination D possibility

9.A degree B dimension C angle D range

10.A use B hate C reject D like

11.A transported B provided C preserved D convened

12.A cook B patient C customer D visitor

1 3.A measures B care C advantages D turns

14.A buying B wearing C cleaning D changing

1 5.A increasing B finding C lowering D taking

答案与题解:

1. B本文介绍说,吃汉堡包等快餐食品容易引发心脏病,而服用statin能降低心脏病发作的

风险,一正一负正好抵消。statin 价格便宜,文章建议快餐店像免费供应调味品那样免费供

应statin0 free of charge 是固定搭配,意为“免费”。选择charge 是对的。

2. C 本题要选suggest ,因为其他三个选项在意思上都不合适。此外,本句主句的谓语动词用了could (provide) ,委婉地含有“建议”的意思。所以suggest 是个不二的选择。

3.B 与降低unhealthy "LDL" cholesterol 搭配的一定是amount(量),而不可能是number (数字)、volume(体积)或product (乘积)。

4.D从上下文判断,要降低(lower)的当然是risk。lower frequency(降低频率)、lower treatment(降低治疗)或lower diagnosis (降低诊断)与上下文的意思都不匹配。

5. B 本句表达的意思是:Dr Darrel Francis 在他的论文中说,经过计算,一粒statin 降低心脏病发作的风险足以抵消吃一个奶酪汉堡包和喝一杯奶昔所增加的患心脏病的风险。所以本题的答案是enough。

6. C 顾客不可能在快餐店里preparing cheeseburger 或cooking cheeseburger,而buying cheeseburger不会增加心脏病风险。所以,只有eating cheeseburger 才合乎上下文的意思。

7.A从上下文判断,被cut out(去除)的effects一定是unhealthy effects,所以,unhealthy是本题的答案。

8.D本句中的in terms of 意为“就??而言”,要与后半句“一正一负相互抵消”的意思相匹配,所以只能是“就患心脏病的可能性而言”。possibility 是答案。

9. A本句的意思与第五题的意思相同,即statin降低心脏病发作的风险与快餐增加的心脏病

的风险在程度(degree)上大致相当。如果选择其他三个选项,意思变成了,“尺寸 (dimension)上、角度(angle)上或范围(range)上大致相当”,就说不通了。

1O.D 填词所在的句子的意思告诉我们,具有讽刺意味的一点是:顾客可以随心所欲地免费享用不健康的调味品。as one likes 是固定用法,意为“随某人所愿,随某人所喜欢”。所以,

like 是答案。其余三个选项用在本句中都不合适。

11.B transported (运输)、preserved (保存)或converted (转换)填人句子中,意思都不顺。只有填入provided (提供)符合句意。provided 是答案。

12.C 到快餐店去就餐的人当然是customer。

13.A 为了降低开车和吸烟的风险,人们被鼓励要采取一些安全措施。作者借此说明为了降低食用快餐的风险,我们也要采取措施。根据这层意思,选择measures是正确的。take measure的意思是“采取措施”。其他三个选项都不合适:take care是“注意,小心”,take

advantage 是“利用”,take turns 是“轮流,依次”。

14.B 本题很明显要选wearing,因为上下文的意思是“系上安全带”。buying a seatbelt, cleaning a seatbelt和changing a seatbelt都与上下文的意思相去太远。

15. C通篇文章都在阐述statin能降低患心脏病的风险。所以,lowering(降低)是答案。

+第十五篇 “Liquefaction” Key to Much of Japanese Earthquake Damage

1The massive subduction zone earthquake in Japan caused a significant level of soil

2"liquefaction" that has surprised researchers with its 1 severity, a new

analysis shows.

3"We've seen localized examples of soil liquefaction as extreme as this before,

but the distance and 2 of damage in Japan were unusually severe," said Scott

45Ashford, a professor of geotechnical engineering at Oregon State University.

"Entire structures were tilted and sinking into the sediments," Ashford said. "The

6shifts in soil destroyed water, drain and gas pipelines, crippling the utilities

and infrastructure these communities need to 3 . We saw some places that sank

as much as four feet."

7Some degree of soil liquefaction is common in almost any major earthquake. It's

a phenomenon in which soils soaked with water, particularly recent sediments or sand, can lose much of their 4 and flow during an earthquake. This can allow structures to shift or sink or 5 . But most earthquakes are much 6 than the recent event in Japan, Ashford said. The length of the Japanese earthquake, as much as five minutes, may force researchers to reconsider the extent of liquefaction damage possibly occurring in

8situations such as this.

"With such a long-lasting earthquake, we saw 7 structures that might have been okay after 30 seconds just continued to sink and tilt as the shaking continued for several more minutes," he said. "And it was clear that younger sediments, and especially areas built on 8 filled ground, are much more vulnerable."

The data provided by analyzing the Japanese earthquake, researchers said, should make it possible to improve the understanding of this soil 9 and better prepare for it in the future. Ashford said it was critical for the team to collect 9the information quickly, 10 damage was removed in the recovery efforts.

1011"There's no doubt that we'll learn things from what happened in Japan that will help us to reduce risks in other similar 11 ," Ashford said. "Future construction in some places may make more use of techniques known to reduce liquefaction, such as better compaction to make soils dense, or use of reinforcing stone columns."

Ashford pointed out that northern California have younger soils vulnerable to liquefaction ---on the coast, near river deposits or in areas with filled ground. The "young" sediments, in geologic terms, may be those 12 within the past 10,000 years or more. In Oregon, for instance, that describes much of downtown Portland, the Portland International Airport and other cities. 12Anything 13 a river and old flood plains is a suspect, and the Oregon

Department of Transportation has already concluded that 1,100 bridges in the state are at risk from an earthquake. Fewer than 15 percent of them have been reinforced to 14 collapse. Japan has suffered tremendous losses in the March 11 earthquake, but Japanese construction 15 helped prevent many buildings from collapse ---even as they tilted and sank into the ground.

词汇:

subduction /s?b'd?k??n/ n.俯冲 sediment /'sedim?nt/ n.沉积;沉淀物 liquefaction /likwi'f?k??n/ n.液化 infrastructure /'Infr?,str?kt??/ n.基础设施

geotecnical /d?i?u'teknik?l] adj.岩土技术 compaction /k?m'p?k??n/ n.压紧的 vulnerable /'v?ln?r?bl/ ad].易受伤害的

注释:

1. subduction zone:俯冲带。亦称下降带、潜没带、消亡带。板块构造说认为,当大洋板

块移动并与大陆板块相遇时,由于大洋板块岩石密度较大,地位也低,便俯冲到大陆板块之下,这一俯冲部分叫做俯冲带。俯冲带两侧板块会聚边界称会聚边缘(convergent boundary)。俯冲带上面反映震源活动的地带称“贝尼奥夫地震带(Benioff seismic zone)"。

2. soil "liquefaction":土壤液化。土壤液化现象是指由于孔隙水压力上升,有效应力减小所导致的土壤从固态到液态的变化,饱水的疏松的粉、细砂土在振动作用下突然破坏而呈现液

态的现象。

3. localized:小范围的

4. geotechnical engineering:岩土工程。

5. Oregon State University:俄勒冈州立大学,建校于1858年,位于美国俄勒冈州科瓦利斯,全校设11个学院,80多个专业,尤以农科和工程最为突出。2008年俄勒冈州立大学的核能工程专业在全美大学中排名第9名。

6. water, drain and gas pipelines:自来水管道、排水管道和煤气管道。"water, drain and gaspipelines” 即“water pipelines, drain pipelines and gas pipelines"。

7. some degree of soil liquefaction:某种程度的土壤液化

8. to reconsider the extent of liquefaction damage possibly occurring in situations such as this:本句的意思是:重新审视类似这次(持续时间长的)地震中因土壤液化而可能造成的毁坏的规

模。

9. recovery efforts:重建工作

10. that we'll learn things from what happened in Japan:我们将从日本的地震中学到很多东西。该句是同位语从句,说出前半句no doubt的内容。

11. that:that引导的是定语从句,修辞前半句中的things。

12.suspect:被怀疑对象。文中指的是那些疑似危险的土壤。

练习:

1.A.internal B. different C. difficult D. widespread

2.A.volume B. length C. extent D. width

3.A.function B. repair C. build D. remove

4.A.durability B. strength C. ability D. property

5.A.ascend B. compact C. collapse D. recover

6.A.shorter B. longer C. simpler D. stranger

7.A.when B. what C. how D. which

8.A.occasionally B. frequently C. specially D. recently

9.A.development B. phenomenon C. formation D. composition

10.A.unless B. until C. after D. before

11.A.findings B. locations C. events D. sources

12.A.delivered B. deposited C. destroyed D. detached

13.A.near B. from C. inside D. over

14.A.prevent B. accelerate C. predict D. detect

15.A.styles B. sites C. costs D. standards

答案与题解:

1.D前文说到日本的俯冲带地震是massive(巨大的),而且砂土液化到达一个significant

level。根据上述描述,选widespread(分布广泛的)修饰severity是正确的。其他三个选项与severity搭配后,意思接不上。

2.C 本句由but连接并列的两个分句组成。第一个分句说以前也发生过地震引发的砂土液化的现象,但涉及范围较小。第二个分句通过but语气一转,说这次地震造成的破坏是罕见的。很显然,选extent(程度)与distance(距离,范围)合用说明破坏的程度和范围是符合上下文的意思的。

3.A 在“The shifts in soil destroyed water, sewer and gas pipelines, crippling the utilities and infrastructure these communities need to?”中,"these communities need to...”是定语从句,指代utilities和infrastructure的关系代词which在定语从句中起宾语作用,被省略了。need

后面的动词不定式的逻辑主语是which,也就是utilities and infrastructure。从意思上看,这

些社区需要这些公用事业设备和基础设施起功能作用(function)。选function是对的。其他选项都不合适。

4.B 浸了水的砂土,特别是新近的沉积土、沙土等失去的不会是durability(耐用性)和ability(能力),也不会是泛泛的property(性质),而是strength(强度)。

5.C 浸了水的砂土强度降低或消失。砂土随水流动,就会引发建筑物移位(shift)或下沉(sink)。再发展下去,建筑物就会倒塌(collapse)。collapse是答案。若选择ascend(上升)、compact(压实)或recover(复原),意思与上文接不上。

6.A 地震持续的时间一般为数十秒。这次日本地震的时间长达5分钟。所以本题要填入的词应该是shorter,说明大多数地震的持续时间比它短。

7.C 从意思上看,选how是正确的。when structures、what structures或which structures意思明显不通。

8.D 第三段第二句出现“particularly recent sediment?"。recent sediment浸水后就失去了强度。这提示了本题要选recently,因为建立在新近填就的土壤上的建筑物是最易受到伤害的。

9.B 分析日本大地震得出的数据不会令科学家获得有关soil development(土壤发展)、soil

formation(土壤形成)soil composition(土壤构成)这些方面的知识。若选phenomenon,意思就是科学家的研究分析有助于他们了解到土壤浸水后的这类现象,以便做好防备,对付 未来可能发生的同类现象。上下文意思很连贯,因此phenomenon是正确的选项。

1O.D 选unless、until或after都不合逻辑。本题句子的意思是:重建工作首先要清理废墟,这样地震现场就被破坏了。所以科学家要赶在重建工作开始之前收集好地震资料。before是答案。

11.C 本句的意思是:科学家无疑会从日本大地震中学到不少东西,从而有助于减低今后发生类似的地震时的风险。四个选项中只有events合适。similar events指的是“类似的地震事

件”。若选findings(调查结果)、locations(地点)或sources(来源),句子的意思就不对。

12.B 本句解释“young”这个词在地质学中的含义。句中的those指代sediments。"young" sediments指那些年代少于或略超过一万年的sediments。deposit是“沉积”,与句子意思匹配,是答案。其他三个选项,词义离题很远,只是词形与deposit有点相似,起干扰作用而已,它们不是答案。

13.A 上一段说,younger soils是非常脆弱的。本句的anything指的是soils。哪些地方

的soils是疑似高危对象呢?如果指soils from/inside/over river and old flood plains是不合常理的。正确的选择应该是near,靠近河流和原洪泛区的土壤才是危险地区。因此near是答案。

14.A 加固危桥的目的是为了防止坍塌。选项prevent是答案。

15.D 在3月11日的日本大地震中,震区的建筑物倾斜、下沉,但没有倒塌。建筑上的什么因素起到了防塌的作用呢?当然不会是construction styles(建筑风格)、construction sites(建

筑工地)或construction facilities(建筑设备)。日本的construction standards(建筑标准)才是防塌的关键因素。因此standards是答案。

2014年职称英语教材理工补全短文

第十四篇:Robotic Highway Cones

affectionate 2015年职称英语理工A补全短文新增文章译文Affectionate_Androids

A University of Nebraska professor has developed robotic cones and

particular part of the day, said Shane Fanitor, an assistant professor of mechanical engineering at Nebraska.

affectionate 2015年职称英语理工A补全短文新增文章译文Affectionate_Androids

For example, if workers arrived at 6 am, the cones could move from the side of the application for robots,” Farritor said. “The robotic cones would also help remove people from hazardous jobs on the highway putting barrels and cones into place,” Fanitor said in

affectionate 2015年职称英语理工A补全短文新增文章译文Affectionate_Androids

a report oh his creation. students2 at Nebraska and his assistant Steve Goddard.

The robots are placed at the bottom of the cones and barrels and are small enough

affectionate 2015年职称英语理工A补全短文新增文章译文Affectionate_Androids

not to greatly change the appearance of the construction aides. “It would look exactly the Farritor has talked with officials from the Nebraska Department of Roads about how the robots would be most useful to what they3 might need.

The robots could come in handy4 following a slow-moving maintenance operation, like painting a stripe on a road or moving asphalt, where now the barrels have to be picked

up and moved as the operation proceeds. “That way you don’t have to block off a 10-mile strip for the operation,5” Fanitor said.

While6 prototypes have been made, they are not in use anywhere. Farritor said he

affectionate 2015年职称英语理工A补全短文新增文章译文Affectionate_Androids

about marketing the robots to roads departments and others across the country who7 may benefit from them. 词汇:

cone / k??n / n.圆锥体

hazardous / 'h?z?d?s / adj.有危险的

aide / e?d / n.辅助用具

rubbery / 'r?b?r? / adj.类似橡胶的

strip / str?p / n.条,带

asphalt / '?sf?lt / n.沥青

prototype / 'pr??t?ta?p / n.原型

patent / 'pe?tnt, 'p?t- / n.专利权

注释: 1.on their own:独立地,靠自己的力量

2.graduate students:研究生

3.they:指代officials。

4.come in handy:派得上用处

5.That way you don’t have to block off a 10-mile strip for the operation:可译为“采用了这种方法,施工时就不用封锁10英里的地带”。

6.while:虽然

7.who:指代roads departments and others。

练习:

A And they can return to the original place at the end of the day.

B He is thinking about starting a small business.

C Farritor was “Inventor of the Year” in 2003.

D Work on the idea began in 2002 using a National Academy of Sciences grant. E We replace that with a robot.

F These robotic cones and barrels can move out of the way, or into place, from computer commands made miles away.

2014年职称英语教材理工补全短文

第十四篇:Robotic Highway Cones

答案与题解:

1.F 第一段要恢复的句子的内容应该与robotic cones and barrels有关。F句中的These robotic cones and barrels正好说明F句是第一句的后续句,these这个代词把第一、二句连接起来。第一、二句内容上是连贯的,证实第二句是第一句的后续句。

2.A 本段第一句有两处与A句在内容上相连。第一句的at 6 am与A句的at the end of the day相对应;第二段第一句的move from the side of the highway与A句的return to the original place相连。所以,A句是第一句的后续句。

3.D 本段第二句有The fiind. ftmd之前用的是定冠词the,说明前面已有句子提到过fiind或其他类似资助的词。D句说的是grant,所以是答案。

4.E 这一段说机器人安装在锥形路标和路障的底部,其原来外貌几乎没有什么改变。原来的底部是黑色的,用类似橡胶的材料制成。而E句的that指的是底部(base),E句的意思是“用机器人置换底部”。

5.B 本段的第四句He is also thinking iabout ...中的also是一个重要的线索,说明前面一定出现过he is thinking。但是在前面两句中没有找到。那么,本段中要恢复的句子一定是练习中的B句。

第十一篇 Virtual Driver

Driving involves sharp eyes and keen ears, analyzing with a brain, and coordination between hands, feet and brain. A man has sharp eyes and keen ears, analyzes through his brain, and maintains coordination between his hands and brains. He can control a fast-moving car with

Apparently there isn’t anyone in the driver’s cab, but there is in fact a virtual driver. This virtual driver has eyes, brains, hands and feet too. The minicameras on each side of the car are its eyes and are responsible for observing the road conditions ahead of it as well 1

as the traffic to its left and right. If you open the boot, you can see the most important part of the objects surrounding the car are moving at, analyzing their position on the road, choosing the right path, and giving orders to the wheel and the control system.

In comparison with the human brain, the virtual driver’s best advantage is that it reacts quickly. However, it takes the world’s best racecar driver at least one second to react, and this doesn’t include the time he needs to take action.

With its rapid reaction and accurate control, the virtual driver can reduce the accident rate on

expressways considerably. In this case, is it possible for us to let it have the wheel at any time and With its limited ability to recognize things, the car can now only travel on expressways.

The intelligent car determines its direction by the clear lines that mark the lanes clearly and , people still have high hopes about driverless cars, and think highly intelligent cars are what the cars of the future should be like. 词汇: virtual /5vE:tjuEl/ adj.虚拟的 built-in /5bilt5in/ adj.嵌入的 coordination /kEu7C:di5neiFEn/ n.协调,配合 racecar n.赛车 cab /kAb/ n.驾驶室 expressway /Ik5spresweI/ n.高速公路 minicamera n.小型照相机 driverless adj.无驾驶员的boot /bu:t/ n.(车身后部的)行李箱 注释:

1. virtual driver:虚拟驾驶员

2. The brain is responsible for calculating the speeds objects surrounding the car are moving at:大脑负责计算汽车周围物体移动的速度。 The brain is responsible for calculating the speeds objects surrounding the car are moving at = The brain is responsible for calculating the speeds at which objects surrounding the car are moving

3. have the wheel:驾驶汽车

4. This being the case虽然情况是这样。 This being the case是独立主格结构。

5. highly intelligent cars arc what the cars of the future should be like:未来的汽车就应该是高度智能化的汽车。练习:

A Experts say that we cannot do that just yet. B In the near future, intelligent cars will be put into commercial operation. C This is the brain of the car.

D But how does an intelligent car control itself? E It completes the processing of the images sent by the cameras within 100 milliseconds. F However, it cannot recognize moving people and bicycles on ordinary roads that have no clear markings on them.

答案与题解:

1. D “空 1”前面三个句子讲的是真人驾驶员驾驶汽车时脑、眼、耳、手、脚并用,而且要协调配合。“空 1”之后话题转入虚拟驾驶员。“空 1”之后的第一句“ Apparently there isn’t anyone in the driver’s cab?”似乎来得有些突然,与前面句子接得很生硬。所以,中间应该有个过渡句。选项 D就是连接上下文的过渡句。

2. C “空 2”前面一句说,如果你打开车身后部的行李箱,你就能看到自动驾驶系统的昀重要的部件,嵌入式电脑。“空 2”后的句子中的 The brain of the car自然是指前句的 built-in 5432

computer,但接得太突然。选项 C的 “This is the brain of the car”就把前后句子联系起来了。 This指代上一句的 built-in computer。后面句子的 The brain of the car是重复选项 C中的 the brain of the car,显得很自然。所以, C是答案。

3. E “空 3”前面一句说,虚拟驾驶员昀大的优点是反应快。“空 3”后面一句说,越好的赛车手至少要 1秒钟才能作出反应。“至少要 1秒钟”已经暗示,虚拟驾驶员反应速度要比真人驾驶员快。一找,选项 E果然说,虚拟驾驶员只需 100毫秒就能作出反应。选项 E使上下文的意思完整,因此是答案。

4. A “空 4”前面是一句问句,即“在这种情况下,是不是可以不分时间、不分地点都让虚拟驾驶员驾驶汽车 ? “空 4”的句子应该回答这个问题:“让还是不让?”选项 A回答了这个问题,因此是答案。

5. F “空 5”前面一句说,“ The intelligent car determines its direction by the clear lines that mark the lanes clearly and recognizes vehicles according to their regular shapes. (智能汽车按清晰标出的车道线决定向己的行车方向,靠车辆的常规形状识别其他车辆。 )选项 F的内容正好相反。上一句说 “recognizes”,还有“mark the lanes clearly”,而 F说:“ cannot recognize”,又说“ no clear markings”。从意思表达上和词汇重复上,都能判断出, F的句子应该出现在“空 5”的位置上。

第十一篇虚拟驾驶员

驾驶需要敏锐的视觉与听觉,大脑分析,手、脚和大脑的协调配合。人具有敏锐的视觉与听觉能力,他能用大脑进行分析,保持手和大脑的配合,人能用身体不同的部分来操控一辆快速行驶的汽车,但是智能化的汽车怎样自动驾驶呢?显然驾驶室里无人驾驶,但实上的确存在一个虚拟驾驶员,他有眼睛、大脑和手、脚。汽

车两边的小型照相机就是它的眼睛,负责观察前方的路况信息和左右两侧的交通状况。如果你打开车身后部的行李箱,你就会看到自动驾驶系统中昀重要的部件:嵌入式电脑。它是汽车的大脑,这个大脑负责计算汽车周围物体移动的速度,分析它在路上的位置,选择正确的道路,并对方向盘和操控系统下达指令。

与人脑相比,虚拟驾驶员昀大的优点是反应快。对照相机发送的图像,它能在 100毫秒内完成对其的分析处理。可是世界上是好的赛车手至少要 1秒钟内能做出反应,并且这个时间还不包括他采取应对措施的时间。

由于虚拟驾驶员反应迅速,操控准确,它能大量减少高速公路上的事故率。在这种情况下,是不是可以不分时间、不分地点都让虚拟驾驶员驾驶汽车?专家们认为目前尚不可以。由于虚拟驾驶员识别物体的能力有限,目前这种智能化汽车只可以在高速公路上行驶。

智能汽车按清晰标出的车道线决定自己的行车方,靠车辆的常规形状识别其他车辆。然而,它却不能识别在普通道路上行驶的没有清晰标记的自行车和行人。显然情况是这样,人们始终认为未来的汽车就应该是高度智能化的汽车。

二 : 2015年职称英语考试教材新增文章汇总

综 合 类

2015年职称英语教材综合类的变动比较小,一共只有6篇新增文章。[www.61k.com)

2015年职称英语教材综合类新增的6篇文章,分布在阅读判断、阅读理解和补全短文:

阅读判断综合C新增一篇文章;

阅读理解综合C和综合B各新增一篇文章;

补全短文综合A、B和C各新增一篇文章。

完形填空综合类整体都没有新增文章。

2015年职称英语教材新增文章的对比目录如下:

职称英语新增文章 2015年职称英语考试教材新增文章汇总

理 工 类

2015年职称英语教材理工类的变动比较小,一共只有5篇新增文章。

2015年职称英语教材理工类新增的5篇文章,分布在阅读理解和补全短文:

阅读理解理工C和理工B各新增一篇文章;

补全短文理工A、B和C各新增一篇文章。

完形填空理工类整体都没有新增文章。

2015年职称英语教材新增文章的对比目录如下:

职称英语新增文章 2015年职称英语考试教材新增文章汇总

卫 生 类

2015年职称英语教材卫生类的变动比较小,一共只有5篇新增文章。

2015年职称英语教材卫生类新增的5篇文章,分布在阅读判断、阅读理解和补全短文:

阅读判断综合A新增一篇文章;阅读理解卫生C新增一篇文章;

补全短文卫生A、B和C各新增一篇文章。

完形填空卫生类整体都没有新增文章。

2015年卫生类职称英语教材新增文章的对比目录如下:

职称英语新增文章 2015年职称英语考试教材新增文章汇总

www.61k.com

三 : 2013职称英语全部新增文章(含阅读完型新增)(理工类)



更多英语学习精品.......

2012版大学英语四六级词汇..

中国人常说错的20句英语!

医学专业英语资料

一学就会---金融类英语词汇..

大学英语自学教程

肯德基麦当劳实用英语大全..

现代大学英语精读

英语国际音标_单词发音规则

经典历年阅读真题详解【珍..

初级英文文法(一、二、..

高级职称英语知识点讲解大..

英语阅读难点关键句200句&..

巴朗理解听力汇编

最佳自动化专业英语词汇

英文写作biginning_and_en..

英语学习必备----习惯用语..

英语学习必备----短语大全

英语实用格言大全

高级英语口译大全【经典背..

大学英语试题汇编

15篇文章速记大学四级词汇

初中英语作文选集

大学英语IV词汇与结构部分..

公司内部常用英语缩写简称..

英语就得说得这么native

一学就会---英语口语短句大..

最新雅思考试写作重点与技..

名师推荐BEC词汇大全

2012英语考试20大必背范文

考研英语无词阅读法

一学就会---办公室美语口语..

社会工作专业英语知识汇编

OG11-VerbalReview-SC

2012广交会常用英语大全【..

GMAT_AWA_224范文

GMAT_OG11-VerbalRevi..

GMAT重点复习资料精选

看电影学英语技巧大全

英语词根超级循环记忆大法..

广东专插本英语历年试题模..

[公共英语]_专升本英语写作..

专插本英语4000单词汇编

2012最全英文面试问题加答..

英语课堂有效性的问题及其..

ppt化学工程专业英语知识精解

百万英镑

一学就会---汉英商务英语9..

英语专业八级人文知识汇编

MBA联考英语:作文写作模..

2012英文初级文法知识精解

ChaseDream_GMATPrep语..

SAT_语法笔记

考研高频词汇_华研外语

语法心得--取之于prep语法..

大学英语2~6级教学大纲通..

tpo口语资料1-24答案完整版

全国2012年7月自考英语阅读..

雅思听力满分经验

一学就会---英语外交关系词..

职称英语考试理工类B级历年..

doc经典英文演讲资料汇编

GRE写作Issue问题题库分..

最新英文写作资料全面汇编

英语学习资料——关于面试..

商务英语口语——如何向老..

航海英语阅读理解92篇【珍..

机械制造技术期末考试A卷&..

一学就会---外企办公室接电..

全国英语等级考试教程单词

各种商店英文名

新托福口语必备套话

英语各类考试简介

中英对照金融词汇表

精选新概念英语必背文章

2012年四六级英语考试必背..

一学就会---英语口语精华资..

国际商务英语中级口译强化..

英语写作与汉语写作的重要..

writing_&_speaking

common_mistakes_in_writi..

一学就会----日常商务英语..

职称英语考试题

最新商务酒店食品类中英文..

英语语法_倒装_分词_虚拟

6种常见英文邀请信范本

全新版大学英语综合第二册..

托福50篇范文

悉尼g类阅读

极品个人陈述留学文书Pers..

55篇全国各地书面表达精华..

大为科波菲尔人物

GRE句子写作技巧汇编

2012年6月大学英语六级考试..

cet6经典作文汇编

2012高级职称英语重点知识..

环球雅思英语水平测试题&#..

最新雅思英语测试题

服装英语词汇大全

篮球术语【中英对照】

轮机英语词汇大全

市场营销英语全词汇

一学就会---800个英文句子..

英语单词词根记忆技巧大全

ESSENTIAL_IDIOMS_..

英语口语学习方法小技巧汇..

一学就会---日常生活英语词..

新东方中高级口译大型串讲..

设计的分类和方法用语(中..

新视野大学英语视听说教程..

新视野大学英语视听说教程..

一学就会----英语日常交际..

口语中总想不起怎么说的英..

2012学位英语重点复习资料..

最新电大学位英语复习资料..

英语下午茶:经典优美句子..

中小型企业融资论文【外文..

关于中小企业人融资的外文..

中国菜的英文表达【英汉对..

BEC考试词汇小结

BEC中级口语语法知识点汇..

报刊英语阅读答案

剑桥商务英语BEC高级词汇..

一学就会——英语单词趣味..

英语不规则动词记忆表

TOEFL词汇串讲【2012版】

TOEFL-巴朗词汇汇总表

一学就会——大学英语专业..

一学就会——大学英语六级..

初级英语:英汉水果蔬菜名..

中级英语单词轻松学【图解..

实用英语构词法

开放本科英语3练习答案

英语自考试题及答案解析完..

出国旅游常用英语口语汇编

最新英语中级口译考试资料..

中级口译真题听力原文【完..

中级口译阅读技巧篇

英语中级口译口试重点句型..

上海市英语中级口译资格证..

一学就会——酒店前台英语..

英语口语考试情景对话篇

英语口语的20个题目

英语词汇汇编

BEC高级真题汇编

同等学力申硕英语词汇400题..

同等学力英语词汇45天串联..

同等学力英语词汇、语法讲..

同等学力英语词汇表

同等学力英语作文模板

英文合同范文翻译详解

水手英语题库

英语图表作文模板

五星级酒店英语大全

英语四级综合知识要点汇编

英语专家们的英语学习方法

CET口语考试考官常用语

大学英语六级翻译练习(..

大学英语六级全程攻略教程

2011年12月英语六级真题及..

中高级口译翻译对比分析

英语口译现状与分析

2012经典中级口译评析

专四口语连接词

雅思考试结构

职称英语卫生类B级真题及答..

一学就会——750句英语口语..

新编语法分析(完美终结..

2012英语写作经典例句大全

2012实用旅游英语口语——..

2012英语热点作文

英语习惯用语和固定搭配总..

2012考研英语阅读理解精读..

PETS-4翻译精选50篇

PETS-4图表写作套句精选..

全国英语等级考试一级口语..

英语阅读训练100篇(精..

全国英语等级考试二级模拟..

全国公共英语等级考试第四..

PETS4考试经验介绍及真题..

2011年全国公共英语三级模..

天津职业学院英语试题汇编

10天美语快速突破教程

2012华师在线英语作业答案

在雅思阅读的题型中matchi..

英语四六级_优秀范文模版2..

大学英语提高阶段简明教程

大学英语六级考试短文写作..

2011年12月英语六级真题及..

中国人100%高效快速学英语..

大学英语四级reading讲义教..

英语四级强化讲义

成人本科学士学位英语统一..

翻译考试常考高频词汇

西南政法大学学位英语

英语六级历年真题汇编

最新BFT考试知识与试题汇..

最新GRE英语核心词汇大全..

语言学复习资料汇编

英语语法大全【完美珍藏版..

英语美语(Britishand..

2012年学位英语培训教程—..

2012年学位英语培训教程—..

托福阅读经典加试题汇总

英语四级模拟练习:翻译

新视野大学英语视听说教程..

教你如何从选项入手--攻克..

全国公共英语等级考试(3级..

全国英语等级考试三级句型..

全国英语等级考试三级英语..

最新公共英语PETS三级词..

四级写作模板——提纲式作..

大学英语四级必备资料汇编

英语二三级口笔译必备词汇

【英语高手】英语语法使用..

英语定语从句知识

CET6大学英语六级写作模板..

2012最新英语作文模板汇编

英语书信作文八大经典模板

21天轻松突破TOEFL核心词..

政府部门常见英语词汇

最新英语六级复习资料(完..

2011年综合类C级考试试题(..

汉语谚语英译方法大全

考研英语长难句翻译:经典..

英语六级作文(保证你六级..

最新GRE更新题库2012

英语900词根派生词联想循环..

三三速记英语词汇记忆大法

英语单词“词串”记忆大法

雅思英语口语话题集锦【珍..

大学体验英语四级

体验英语六级知识答案

英语新闻词汇大全(中英..

包装英语词汇(中英对照)

FSAAC中英文无线电陆空通..

石油专业词汇(中英对照..

英语经典精选美文30篇

大学英语四级听力技巧规律..

英语国家概况必背知识【中..

最新托福高分语法讲解精选..

最新托福语法试题及答案详..

国家名中英对照一览表...

大学英语四六级作文模板

唯美英文签名【中英对照】

最新英文写作经典美文【中..

大学体验英语5级答案【完整..

最新经典英文剧本详细对话..

最新外贸口语大全【黄金珍..

最新商务英语系列知识汇编

最新版新视野大学英语课后..

二级笔译难度:名篇名译之..

2012年大学英语六级超真模..

2012年大学英语六级考试模..

2012年权威英语六级考试模..

最新100篇英文优秀作文精选..

最新英语国际音标学习教程

最新英语口语学习资料大全

最新英语平台阅读资料(含..

最新英语专业四级听写50篇

最新大学英语六级考试经典..

蓝宝GRE笔考词汇突破核心..

最新大学英语六级真题与答..

GRE红宝书单词全集

最新职称英语无级通关秘籍

10天突破20000专八英语词汇

2012职称英语词汇综合大全

各种英文信书写模板【中英..

考研英语复试自我介绍大全..

托福听力重要背景词汇集合

最新职称英语词汇总表【珍..

英语词汇分类大全

核电专业词汇大全

2012大学英语四级词汇汇编

最新版大学英语六级词汇汇..

30天攻克大学英语四级核心..

新概念英语第三册语法精粹

小学生英语故事【中英对照..

妙句速记3000英语单词(精华..

800个句子速记7000个单词(..

英语语法词性汇总

【史上最强】英语单词词汇..

【史上最强】英语单词词汇..

英语语法速成记忆方法大全

制造业常用英语词汇大全

职场英文自我介绍范文

英语口语1000金牌句型精选..

20000雅思词汇速记技巧大全

1000句最常用英语口语

高级口译复习资料汇总

口译笔译分类词汇大全

英语新词汇与常用词汇翻译..

中高级英语口译成语精选

中级口译考试重点词组及句..

英语单词词根词典

李阳疯狂英语大量快速单词..

报关英语高分子化学词汇大..

职称英语等级考试必背词汇..

政治与经济类英语翻译词条..

中草药成份英汉对照翻译大..

商业广告用语精选翻译大全

金融证券词汇翻译大全

现代医学词汇英文翻译大全

商务英语常用缩略语翻译大..

品牌公司名称翻译大全

英语快速记忆学习歌

学习新概念英语必读手册

简历中的自我评价用语(经..

新概念英语学习方法总汇

最有效背诵英文课文的最佳..

英文写作佳句300例

10天背诵20000单词教程全集..

169个英语口试题-帮你闯过..

报关英语法律法规中英文对..

英语词根词缀记忆大全

8天攻克8000词汇速记教程

雅思阅读应对策略:全和准

心得!八天记2000单词,..

记忆雅思单词20个经典方法..

大学四,六级英语作文110分..

BEC备考词汇大全

【精品】英文翻译建筑类词..

英语口译听力速记技巧大全

四级英语考试作文复习方法..

四级英语考试阅读能力复习..

四级英语考试词汇复习资料..

四级英语30天90分之词汇语..

大学英语四级语法精要汇编

英语四级考试阅读七大技巧

10天背诵10000英文单词教程..

英语六级词汇考试要点汇编

英语六级词汇无敌记忆珍藏..

30天记住7000考研英语单词..

【英语六级】读故事记单词..

利用英语口语巧记单词方法..

3000条英文谚语大全总汇【..

公共场所100个英文标志大全

很美很美的英语美句美文大..

中考英语满分作文必背句型..

英语语法归类大全

经典爱情美文【中英对照】

英语词胎是英语词根的逻辑..

英语音标表发音规律记忆口..

365天英语口语大全【完整版..

李阳英语900句

那么美,那么殇的电影台词..

英语字母组合发音规律秘诀

中学双语教学常用英语500句

英语实用口语8000句!

英语单词超级记忆技巧大全

英文自我介绍大全

英语语法记忆歌诀

英语学习:食物食品类大全

42天学会英语最佳模范短文..

英语学习:英文谚语500句【..

英语学习:人生哲理【中英..

英语学习:人生格言大全【..

学习英语最好计划与方法

20天速记2000例英语口语大..

最有效背诵英文课文的学习..

巧记英语语法口诀21首

英语学习--必背151易混单词

英语句子结构分析

英语语法顺口溜学习法

英语学习方法大全

30天英语口语记忆速成大法

看图学英语图解版

365天每天学习一句英语(简..

250句最通俗最常用的英语口..

英语巧记:16天记住7000考..

学习英语语法知识树【图解..

基本英语的850个单词

专家替中国人写的英文基本..

中外文化词汇来源知识汇编

四 : 大家论坛2011年职称英语综合类完型填空新增文章篇目

大家论坛职称英语

2011年职称英语综合类

新增文章篇目

大家论坛职称英语版块:

综合类完形填空新增文章

篇目

第五篇 Why People Use Pseudonyms

*第十二篇 Sport or Spectacle?

+第十五篇 Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred Years

大家论坛职称英语 大家论坛2011年职称英语综合类完型填空新增文章篇目

大家论坛职称英语

第五篇

Why People Use Pseudonyms

You can't choose the name you are given at birth,but in many countries you can change it legally when you reach adulthood. Of course, most people never change their names --1-- they feel unhappy about them. However, some people do --2-- this course of action—particularly artists! What makes an artist want to change their name? Sometimes it's for purely --3--

reasons, such as the Nobel Prize winning poet from Chile, Neflali Reyes. He didn't want his father to --4-- he was writing poetry, so he changed his name to Pablo Neruda when he was a young man.--5-- other times the reason may appear eccentric; take the case of the Portuguese poet Fernando Pessoa, --6-- wrote under 75 different names. The reason ?” When I use a different name, I always write in a different way," he explained. In most cases,--7-- ,the reason is for social, historical, political, or cultural reasons. Here are some of most --8--:

The person's real name is jus --9-- long and difficult to remember. Let's be honest, Madonna Louise Ciccone is not as –10-- to remember as just plain "Madonna". And short names are much easier to remember:William Bradley became Brad Pitt and Edson Arantes do Nascimento became Pele.

Sometimes names are changed for marketing –11--.For example,if a name sounds too "foreign", it may be changed to something that is more recognizable in a –12--. So in the film world, Ramon Estsvez adopted the name Martin Sheen. Or maybe the artist's doesn't sound very attractive -- Chad Everett does –13—a lot better than Raymond Cramto.

Artists sometimes --l 4-- the name of someone they admire. Robert Zimmerman changed his name to Boo Dylan because of his admiration for the Welsh poet, Dylan Thomas.

Another reason may be practicality: in the past, women found it very difficult to get published.To –15-- this situation they's situation they sometimes gave themselves men's names, so the English author Mary Ann Evans became George Eliot, and she did get her books published!

词汇:

pseudonym n.假名,笔名

legally ad.法律上,合法地

eccentric adj.古怪的,反常的

Portuguese adj.葡萄牙的,葡萄牙人的,葡萄牙语的 '

plain adj.清楚的,明白的

marketing n.推销,营销

recognizable adj.可辨认的,可识别的

attractive adj.有吸引力的,引人注目的

adopt v.采取,采纳

admire V.赞赏,钦佩

注释:

Nobel Prize:诺贝尔奖

练习:

1.A)as if B)as C)even if D)even

大家论坛职称英语 大家论坛2011年职称英语综合类完型填空新增文章篇目

大家论坛职称英语

2.A)take B)make C)do D)have

3.A)private B)individual C)own D)personal

4.A)understand B)know C)recognize D)observe

5.A)At B)On C)In D)During

6.A)whom B)which C)who D)that

7.A)but B)although C)though D)however

8.A)popular B)common C)ordinary D)average

9.A)so B)too C)very D)much

10.A)easy B)short C)simple D)brief

11.A)aims B)ends C)goals D)purposes

12.A、)market B)film C)country D)business

1 3.A、)look B)sound C)appear D)seem

14.A)choose B)give C)change D)get

15.A)admit B)assure C)avoid D)affect

答案与题解:

1.C 本句前半句提到"大多数人不会改名字",因此可以判断是选有让步转折意义的 "even if'',其他的选项都没有这个意思,尤其要注意even是副词,不可以这样用于句首引出从句。[www.61k.com)

2.A 本句的意思是想说"有些人,尤其是艺术家们,会更改名字"。不过,本句没有直接说change their names而是说采取行动,那么只能用take与action进行搭配,其他动词都不合适。

3.D 根据后面such as后所举的例子知道,某些人改名字完全出于个人的原因,故选择personal。private是指与公众无关的,私隐的;individual是与集体对立而言,个体的;而own则必须放在物主代词的后面一起来表达属于某人的。

4.B 本句是想说他改名字是为了不让父亲了解到他在写诗这件事,因此选know。understand 是理解的意思,recognize 是认出,observe 是察觉、观察到的意思。

5.A 本句里的times是时机、场合的意思,at other times是表示“其他的情况”,还有其他的固定搭配也是用at这个介词,如at all times,at the best of time等等,其他介词无此搭配。 '

6.C 本句是举葡萄牙人的例子来说明某些人更改名字的理由很奇怪,后半句是想说此人用过75个不同的名字。对本句结构做出分析后,应该是非限定性定语从句对此诗人做出补充解释,故用wh0。that不能用于非限定性定语从句,which则不能表示人,只能表示物,whom是用来做宾格形式只能作宾语不能作主语。

7.D 如果注意到了此空前后的逗号的话就应该知道需要填一个副词来表示转折了,四个选项中只有however是副词,所以其他的选项都不对。

8.B 前一句刚说到大家改名字有社会、历史、政治、文化等方面的原因,通过下面几段里所给出的例子可以知道本句是想说“下面是几种常见的原因”,所以选common用于指常常发生的情况,而popular是指大家都喜欢的,ordinary和average则都是指没什么特别的。

9.B 根据后文,本句是想说某些人的名字太长、太难不好记住,是一个too?to?的结构,表达“太??而不能??”的意思。

10.A.根据上下文知道,本句是想说简单明了的Madonna更容易记住。从本句中的plain一词可以断定不是想说长短,所以short和brief都不对,而simple则是与复杂相对立的,因此选用easy一词与前句的difficult来对应,后一句话中的easier to remember也可以帮助

大家论坛职称英语 大家论坛2011年职称英语综合类完型填空新增文章篇目

大家论坛职称英语

我们选择easy。(www.61k.com]

11.D 此题四个选项都能表示目的,但各有不同,aim是偏重于想要取得的目标;end往往表示最终目的,而且常常用于指与手段相对应的目的;goal则更多的是指个人或者某群体决心要达到的目标,通常指一般的趋势或方向而没有最终的具体目标;而purpose则主要是指所向往的结果,是行为、行动的缘由。

12.A根据前一句中的marketing purposes一词可以判断此旬是想说把名字改成在市场上更好识记的,因此选market,而不是在某个国家、某部电影或者是某笔生意里更容易辨识。

13.B 根据前半句里的doesn't sound可以判断此处应该选用sound来表示听上去怎样,其他三个选项里的词意上不恰当。

14.A从后面一句可以推断此句是想说艺术家有时候根据自己所欣赏的人的名字给自己取笔名或艺名。如果用give一词的话则必须有themselves来作间接宾语,不然就不是给他们自己取名字了。也不能用change,但如果是change into的话还可以表示把名字改成别的名字,而get则是“获得”、“得到”的意思,所以只能用choose来表示“选用”的意思了。

15.C 本句是想说为了不让作品得不到出版的情况出现而取个男子的名字,因此选avoid。admit是承认的意思,assure是确认的意思,,affect则是影响的意思。

大家论坛职称英语 大家论坛2011年职称英语综合类完型填空新增文章篇目

大家论坛职称英语

*第十二篇

Sport or Spectacle?

1 Muhammad Ali is probably the most famous sports figure on earth: he is recognized

on every continent and by all generations, The diagnosis of his illness

2--l—Parlonson’s disease after his retirement fuelled the debate about the dangers

of boxing and criticism --2-- the sport. That, plus his outspoken opposition --3—women’s boxing, made people wonder how he would react when one of his daughters decided to take --4—the sport. His presence at Laila’s first professional fight, --5-- , seemed to broadcast her father's support. Of course Muhammad Ali wanted to watch his daughter fight. The ring announcer introduced him as the "the greatest" and as he sat down at the ringside the crowd chanted.

Twenty-one-year-old Laila's debut fight was a huge success and there was as much publicity for the fight --6-- her father's fights once attracted. --7-- , Laila's opponent was much weaker than she was and the fight lasted just 31 seconds. Since

3then. Laila has won most of her fights by knocking out her opponent. "She knows

--8-- she's doing, all fight, "said one referee about her. "She knows about moving well. You can see some of her dad's moves."

4Laila Ali would rather not compare herself --9-- her father. She prefers to

make her own --10-- . Her father supports her decision to enter the sport but he has not spared her the details of what can happen.Laila realizes that her father wants her to understand the --11-- possible scenario to see --l2-- she still wants to go forward with it. She knows she's going to get hit hard at times, that she may get a broken nose or a swollen face,but at least she is prepared for it.

Laila's decision to start boxing --l3-- her father’s struggle with the symptoms of Parkinson's disease has of course sparked a mixture of debate and --14--. But Laila is a feisty and determined individual and it is that as much as her famous last name that has made her a magnet for worldwide media attention. Of course, the --l5-- on the boxing scene of a woman with her family history attracts even more questions about whether women's boxing is sport or spectacle.

词汇:

spectacle n.场面;景象

recognize vt.赏识;认可

continent n.洲,大陆

diagnosis n.(医学)诊断法

retirement n.退役;、退休

fuel vt.激起,加强,刺激

debate n.辩论;讨论,

criticism n.批评;批判;指责

outspoken adj.直言的

opposition n.反对

react vi.做出反应;回应

presence n.出席;到场

broadcast vt.传播(消息等)

大家论坛职称英语 大家论坛2011年职称英语综合类完型填空新增文章篇目

大家论坛职称英语

ring n.拳击台

chant vi.(反复地、有节奏地)欢呼

debut n.(演员、运动员)首次亮相

publicity n.宣传;公众的注意

attract vt.吸引;引起注意

opponent n.对手;敌手

referee n.裁判员

compare vt.比较;对照

spare vt.省去,免除

scenario n.事态;局面

swollen adj.肿起的;浮肿的

symptom n.症状

spark vt.导致,激起

feisty adj.个性强而好争辩的

magnet n.有吸引力的人

注释:

1.Muhammad Ali:穆罕默德·阿里,世界上最伟大的拳击运动员之一。[www.61k.com)1999年,他被《体育画报》杂志评为本世纪最佳运动员。退出拳坛后,阿里一直致力于宗教、慈善事业和维护世界和平的工作,受到许多国家上至总统下至普通百姓的拥戴。然而,职业拳击生涯中他头部受到的29000多次的重击,使阿里一直饱受帕金森综合症的困扰。

2.Parkinson's disease:帕金森综合症,又称震颤麻痹,是一种中枢神经系统变性疾病,临床表现有癫痫、偏瘫、头痛、共济失调、眼球运动障碍、言语不清、体位性低血压、痴呆等。随着病情的发展,穿衣、洗脸、刷牙等日常生活活动都出现困难。

3.knock out:(拳击术语)一拳击倒

4.Laila Ali:莱拉·阿里,拳王阿里与他第三任妻子的女儿,1999年9月进入女子职业拳坛,并很快取得了较好的成绩。他曾说:“我不像拿自己和父亲作比较,我们是完全不同的。但有一点,作为他的女儿,我自然会有一些独特的拳击技术,这是别人不可能具备的。在现阶段,我认为自己棒极了!''一些商家看中了这对拳坛父女的商业价值,最近,一家运动品牌就利用电脑技术,让阿里父女在拳台上同场竞技。在这样的比赛中,我们看到的,并不是胜负,而是一种生命力的延续。

练习:

1. A)with B)for C)as D)

2. A)of B)on C)for D)at

3. A)on B)to C)with D)at

4. A)after B)over C)along D)up

5. A)therefore B)however C)accordingly D)whereas. .

6.。A)as B)like C)for D)to

7. A)Luckily B)Similarly C)Undoubtedly D)Unfortunately

8. A)that B)what C)how D)why

9. A)as B)like C)to D)against

1 0.A)fight B)name C)success D)image

11.A)better B)best C)worse D)worst

大家论坛职称英语 大家论坛2011年职称英语综合类完型填空新增文章篇目

大家论坛职称英语

1 2.A)if B)that C)what D)how

1 3.A)in spite B)spite C)despite D)despite of

1 4.A)argument B)criticism C)quarrel D)bickering

1 5.A)arrival B)birth C)departure D)attention

答案与题解:

1.C diagnosis of?as把某种疾病诊断为??,类似的短语有regard?as,consider...as 和think of?as等。[www.61k.com)

2. A 此题是对语法的考查,criticize由动词变为名词criticism,其逻辑上的宾语应由介词of引导。

3.B考查介词短语搭配,be opposed to和opposition to,固定搭配。

4.D take up是从事某种职业,take after是与某人长得相像,take over是接手,take along是随身携带。

5.B 根据上下文判断,前面讲拳王阿里反对女子从事拳击运动(his outspoken opposition women's boxing),随后又讲他亲自出席女儿的首场比赛,明显对比,故应选however。

6.A as much?as 属于固定搭配。

7.D 首场比赛,备受媒体关注,不了比赛仅持续了31秒,难免令人失望,故应选unfortunately,因观众难以目睹拳王女儿的风采。

8.B she knows what she’s doing,此句型口语中较为常见,如某人说I know what I’m doing 或 I know what I’m talking about,则表示说话者本人对自己的言行很有信心。

9. C 对介词短语 compare A to B 的考查。前者有比作、比拟的意思,后者表示把A和B作比较的意思。

10.B make one’s own name 表示成功、成名的意思。其他表示成功的短语还有make it,口语中更常见。答案C make one’s own success有中式英语Chinglish之嫌。

11. D 考查上下文,下文中“a broken nose or a swollen face”暗示拳击运动员受伤病困扰的苦恼,更不要说拳王本身正受帕金森综合症的折磨。另外,possible 一词之前常出现形容词最高级。综合上文两处的解释,worst 是最佳答案。

12.A 拳王表明拳击运动可能会造成严重的后果,意欲让女儿白己决定“是否”继续 从事这项危险的运动。

13. C 此题考查易混淆短语 in spite of和介词despite,多一个of或少一个of,都不对。

14. B对上下文的考查,文中第一段就有"fuelled the debate about the dangers of boxing and CRITICISM of the sport”。

15. A 对上下文的考查,文中多次提及拳王女儿是初登拳坛,如第一段中“His presence at Laila’s FIRST professional fight”,如第二段中的“Twenty-one-year-old Laila’s DEBUT fight”,都是暗示莱拉“出现”在拳坛,故arrival最合适。答案B的搭配应该是the birth of ,而不是介词 on 。答案C的departure 是离开拳坛。答案D的attention 首先介词搭配应该是to,其次意思也不是甚为贴切。

大家论坛职称英语 大家论坛2011年职称英语综合类完型填空新增文章篇目

大家论坛职称英语

+第十五篇

Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred Years

A hundred years ago,life expectancy in developed countries was about 47: in the early 21st century, men in the United States and the United Kingdom can expect to live to about 74. Women to about 80, and these _____l_____ are rising all the time. What has brought _____2_____ these changes? When we look at the life_____3_____of people l00 years ago, we need to look at the greatest_____4_____of the time. In the early 20th century, these were the acute and often _____3_____ infectious diseases such as smallpox. Many children died very young from these diseases and others, and the weak and elderly were always at risk.

In the_____6_____world these diseases are far_____7_____today, and in some cases have almost disappeared. A number of_____8_____have led to this: improvements in sanitation and hygiene, the discovery and use of antibiotics, which_____9_____bacterial diseases much less dangerous, and vaccinations_____l0_____common diseases._____11_____, people's general health has improved with improvements in our general environment: cleaner air, better means of preserving food,better and warmer housing,and better understanding of nutrition.

Genetically,we should all be able to live to about 85 but_____l2_____people do live longer today, there are still some big killers around that are preventing US from consistently reaching that age. The problems that affect people today are the more chronic illnesses, such as heart disease and strokes, and those_____l3_____by viruses, such as influenza and AIDS l. Of course, cancer is a huge killer as well. In most cases these diseases affect_____l4_____people, but there are worrying trends in the developed world with problems such as obesity_____l5_____more heart disease and illnesses such as diabetes at younger ages.

The killers today can be classed as "lifestyle diseases",which means that it may be possible to halt their progress.

词汇:

Expectancy n.预期

Acute aaj.(疾病)急性的

Infectious adj.传染性的

Smallpox n.天花

Sanitation n.环境卫生

Hygiene n.个人卫生

Antibiotic n.抗生素

Bacterial adj.细菌性的

Vaccination n.种痘,接种

Preserve vt.保藏,防止(食物)腐烂

Nutrition n.营养

Chronic aaj.(疾病)慢性的

Stroke n.中风

大家论坛职称英语 大家论坛2011年职称英语综合类完型填空新增文章篇目

大家论坛职称英语

Virus n.病毒

Influenza n.流行性感冒

Trend n.趋势,倾向

Obesity n.肥胖

Diabetes n.糖尿病

Halt vt.使...停止

注释:

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome(AIDS):艾滋病,后天性免疫缺乏综合症

练习: ,

1. A ages B years C lives D countries

2. A in B about C to D with

3. A length B time C duration D span

4. A people B killers C invention D nation

5. A more B less C high D highly

6. A developed B less developed C undeveloped D developing

7. A more deadly B deadly C 1ess deadly D fatal

8. A improvements B factors C jobs D measures

9. A makes B causes C make D from

10. A against B for C to D cause

11. A And B Therefore C In addition D Nevertheless

12. A when B yet C however D while

13. A spread B affected C produced D created

14. A poor B weak C older D young

15. A and B leading to C from D with

答案与题解:

1. A通过上下文可知此处应为"年龄".

2. B bring about意思是"带来",bring in意为赚取,实现(一定利润),没有bring to这个短语,如果用with,此句话必须变成what has it brought with these changes才符合语法,但意思就不符合文章了。(www.61k.com)

3. D life span是一个固定搭配,意为寿命。

4. B从下一句可以看出此处应指那些不治之症。

5. D本句举了天花的例子,下一句指出很多孩子死于这些病,所以此处应为一个表严重的词。high是形容词,不能修饰后面的形容词。Acute不是比较级,所以and后面也不应用比较级。

6. A本句后部分说在一些国家这些病已经消失,通过常识得知应该是发达国家。

大家论坛职称英语 大家论坛2011年职称英语综合类完型填空新增文章篇目

大家论坛职称英语

7. C本句后部分说在一些国家这些病已经消失,整段都在说明情况好转,故选C.

8. B 冒号后面列举的内容不能统一用其他几个词概括,只能用factor.

9. C注意这里的which不是非限制定语从旬中指代前面l句话的作用,而是指代前面两项内容:卫生的改善和抗生素的发明使用,所以which后的动词不用三单形式。[www.61k.com)cause没有这样的语法搭配。

10.A该选项为固定搭配,意为对某种疾病的预防接种。

11.C前面说的是对疾病的防范和控制加强,后面说的是整体环境的改善,两者为并列关系,但是And在书面语中不能这样使用,所以只能选in addition.

12.D整句话的意思是:从基因角度看,人都能活到85岁,但是虽然现在人们寿命确实比以前长了,仍然有一些疾病使得我们不能都活到那个岁数。所以此处应该填一个转折副词。

13.A those指代流感和艾滋病等靠病毒传播的疾病,those后面的动词是过去分词作定语。spread的过去分词与原形相同。

14.C本句最后指出一些病越来越年轻化,所以此处应选择younger的反义词。

15.B obesity是心脏病和糖尿病年轻化的重要原因,它和心脏病、糖尿病不是并列关系,而是因果关系,所以选择leading to,现在分词作结果状语。

五 : 大家论坛2011年职称英语综合类完型填空新增文章篇目

大家论坛职称英语

2011年职称英语综合类

新增文章篇目

大家论坛职称英语版块:

综合类完形填空新增文章

篇目

第五篇 Why People Use Pseudonyms

*第十二篇 Sport or Spectacle?

+第十五篇 Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred Years

大家论坛职称英语

第五篇

Why People Use Pseudonyms

You can't choose the name you are given at birth,but in many countries you can change it legally when you reach adulthood. Of course, most people never change their names --1-- they feel unhappy about them. However, some people do --2-- this course of action—particularly artists! What makes an artist want to change their name? Sometimes it's for purely --3--

reasons, such as the Nobel Prize winning poet from Chile, Neflali Reyes. He didn't want his father to --4-- he was writing poetry, so he changed his name to Pablo Neruda when he was a young man.--5-- other times the reason may appear eccentric; take the case of the Portuguese poet Fernando Pessoa, --6-- wrote under 75 different names. The reason ?” When I use a different name, I always write in a different way," he explained. In most cases,--7-- ,the reason is for social, historical, political, or cultural reasons. Here are some of most --8--:

The person's real name is jus --9-- long and difficult to remember. Let's be honest, Madonna Louise Ciccone is not as –10-- to remember as just plain "Madonna". And short names are much easier to remember:William Bradley became Brad Pitt and Edson Arantes do Nascimento became Pele.

Sometimes names are changed for marketing –11--.For example,if a name sounds too "foreign", it may be changed to something that is more recognizable in a –12--. So in the film world, Ramon Estsvez adopted the name Martin Sheen. Or maybe the artist's doesn't sound very attractive -- Chad Everett does –13—a lot better than Raymond Cramto.

Artists sometimes --l 4-- the name of someone they admire. Robert Zimmerman changed his name to Boo Dylan because of his admiration for the Welsh poet, Dylan Thomas.

Another reason may be practicality: in the past, women found it very difficult to get published.To –15-- this situation they's situation they sometimes gave themselves men's names, so the English author Mary Ann Evans became George Eliot, and she did get her books published!

词汇:

pseudonym n.假名,笔名

legally ad.法律上,合法地

eccentric adj.古怪的,反常的

Portuguese adj.葡萄牙的,葡萄牙人的,葡萄牙语的 '

plain adj.清楚的,明白的

marketing n.推销,营销

recognizable adj.可辨认的,可识别的

attractive adj.有吸引力的,引人注目的

adopt v.采取,采纳

admire V.赞赏,钦佩

注释:

Nobel Prize:诺贝尔奖

练习:

1.A)as if B)as C)even if D)even

大家论坛职称英语

2.A)take B)make C)do D)have

3.A)private B)individual C)own D)personal

4.A)understand B)know C)recognize D)observe

5.A)At B)On C)In D)During

6.A)whom B)which C)who D)that

7.A)but B)although C)though D)however

8.A)popular B)common C)ordinary D)average

9.A)so B)too C)very D)much

10.A)easy B)short C)simple D)brief

11.A)aims B)ends C)goals D)purposes

12.A、)market B)film C)country D)business

1 3.A、)look B)sound C)appear D)seem

14.A)choose B)give C)change D)get

15.A)admit B)assure C)avoid D)affect

答案与题解:

1.C 本句前半句提到"大多数人不会改名字",因此可以判断是选有让步转折意义的 "even if'',其他的选项都没有这个意思,尤其要注意even是副词,不可以这样用于句首引出从句。

2.A 本句的意思是想说"有些人,尤其是艺术家们,会更改名字"。不过,本句没有直接说change their names而是说采取行动,那么只能用take与action进行搭配,其他动词都不合适。

3.D 根据后面such as后所举的例子知道,某些人改名字完全出于个人的原因,故选择personal。private是指与公众无关的,私隐的;individual是与集体对立而言,个体的;而own则必须放在物主代词的后面一起来表达属于某人的。

4.B 本句是想说他改名字是为了不让父亲了解到他在写诗这件事,因此选know。understand 是理解的意思,recognize 是认出,observe 是察觉、观察到的意思。

5.A 本句里的times是时机、场合的意思,at other times是表示“其他的情况”,还有其他的固定搭配也是用at这个介词,如at all times,at the best of time等等,其他介词无此搭配。 '

6.C 本句是举葡萄牙人的例子来说明某些人更改名字的理由很奇怪,后半句是想说此人用过75个不同的名字。对本句结构做出分析后,应该是非限定性定语从句对此诗人做出补充解释,故用wh0。that不能用于非限定性定语从句,which则不能表示人,只能表示物,whom是用来做宾格形式只能作宾语不能作主语。

7.D 如果注意到了此空前后的逗号的话就应该知道需要填一个副词来表示转折了,四个选项中只有however是副词,所以其他的选项都不对。

8.B 前一句刚说到大家改名字有社会、历史、政治、文化等方面的原因,通过下面几段里所给出的例子可以知道本句是想说“下面是几种常见的原因”,所以选common用于指常常发生的情况,而popular是指大家都喜欢的,ordinary和average则都是指没什么特别的。

9.B 根据后文,本句是想说某些人的名字太长、太难不好记住,是一个too?to?的结构,表达“太??而不能??”的意思。

10.A.根据上下文知道,本句是想说简单明了的Madonna更容易记住。从本句中的plain一词可以断定不是想说长短,所以short和brief都不对,而simple则是与复杂相对立的,因此选用easy一词与前句的difficult来对应,后一句话中的easier to remember也可以帮助

大家论坛职称英语

我们选择easy。

11.D 此题四个选项都能表示目的,但各有不同,aim是偏重于想要取得的目标;end往往表示最终目的,而且常常用于指与手段相对应的目的;goal则更多的是指个人或者某群体决心要达到的目标,通常指一般的趋势或方向而没有最终的具体目标;而purpose则主要是指所向往的结果,是行为、行动的缘由。

12.A根据前一句中的marketing purposes一词可以判断此旬是想说把名字改成在市场上更好识记的,因此选market,而不是在某个国家、某部电影或者是某笔生意里更容易辨识。

13.B 根据前半句里的doesn't sound可以判断此处应该选用sound来表示听上去怎样,其他三个选项里的词意上不恰当。

14.A从后面一句可以推断此句是想说艺术家有时候根据自己所欣赏的人的名字给自己取笔名或艺名。如果用give一词的话则必须有themselves来作间接宾语,不然就不是给他们自己取名字了。也不能用change,但如果是change into的话还可以表示把名字改成别的名字,而get则是“获得”、“得到”的意思,所以只能用choose来表示“选用”的意思了。

15.C 本句是想说为了不让作品得不到出版的情况出现而取个男子的名字,因此选avoid。admit是承认的意思,assure是确认的意思,,affect则是影响的意思。

大家论坛职称英语

*第十二篇

Sport or Spectacle?

1 Muhammad Ali is probably the most famous sports figure on earth: he is recognized

on every continent and by all generations, The diagnosis of his illness

2--l—Parlonson’s disease after his retirement fuelled the debate about the dangers

of boxing and criticism --2-- the sport. That, plus his outspoken opposition --3—women’s boxing, made people wonder how he would react when one of his daughters decided to take --4—the sport. His presence at Laila’s first professional fight, --5-- , seemed to broadcast her father's support. Of course Muhammad Ali wanted to watch his daughter fight. The ring announcer introduced him as the "the greatest" and as he sat down at the ringside the crowd chanted.

Twenty-one-year-old Laila's debut fight was a huge success and there was as much publicity for the fight --6-- her father's fights once attracted. --7-- , Laila's opponent was much weaker than she was and the fight lasted just 31 seconds. Since

3then. Laila has won most of her fights by knocking out her opponent. "She knows

--8-- she's doing, all fight, "said one referee about her. "She knows about moving well. You can see some of her dad's moves."

4Laila Ali would rather not compare herself --9-- her father. She prefers to

make her own --10-- . Her father supports her decision to enter the sport but he has not spared her the details of what can happen.Laila realizes that her father wants her to understand the --11-- possible scenario to see --l2-- she still wants to go forward with it. She knows she's going to get hit hard at times, that she may get a broken nose or a swollen face,but at least she is prepared for it.

Laila's decision to start boxing --l3-- her father’s struggle with the symptoms of Parkinson's disease has of course sparked a mixture of debate and --14--. But Laila is a feisty and determined individual and it is that as much as her famous last name that has made her a magnet for worldwide media attention. Of course, the --l5-- on the boxing scene of a woman with her family history attracts even more questions about whether women's boxing is sport or spectacle.

词汇:

spectacle n.场面;景象

recognize vt.赏识;认可

continent n.洲,大陆

diagnosis n.(医学)诊断法

retirement n.退役;、退休

fuel vt.激起,加强,刺激

debate n.辩论;讨论,

criticism n.批评;批判;指责

outspoken adj.直言的

opposition n.反对

react vi.做出反应;回应

presence n.出席;到场

broadcast vt.传播(消息等)

大家论坛职称英语

ring n.拳击台

chant vi.(反复地、有节奏地)欢呼

debut n.(演员、运动员)首次亮相

publicity n.宣传;公众的注意

attract vt.吸引;引起注意

opponent n.对手;敌手

referee n.裁判员

compare vt.比较;对照

spare vt.省去,免除

scenario n.事态;局面

swollen adj.肿起的;浮肿的

symptom n.症状

spark vt.导致,激起

feisty adj.个性强而好争辩的

magnet n.有吸引力的人

注释:

1.Muhammad Ali:穆罕默德·阿里,世界上最伟大的拳击运动员之一。1999年,他被《体育画报》杂志评为本世纪最佳运动员。退出拳坛后,阿里一直致力于宗教、慈善事业和维护世界和平的工作,受到许多国家上至总统下至普通百姓的拥戴。然而,职业拳击生涯中他头部受到的29000多次的重击,使阿里一直饱受帕金森综合症的困扰。

2.Parkinson's disease:帕金森综合症,又称震颤麻痹,是一种中枢神经系统变性疾病,临床表现有癫痫、偏瘫、头痛、共济失调、眼球运动障碍、言语不清、体位性低血压、痴呆等。随着病情的发展,穿衣、洗脸、刷牙等日常生活活动都出现困难。

3.knock out:(拳击术语)一拳击倒

4.Laila Ali:莱拉·阿里,拳王阿里与他第三任妻子的女儿,1999年9月进入女子职业拳坛,并很快取得了较好的成绩。他曾说:“我不像拿自己和父亲作比较,我们是完全不同的。但有一点,作为他的女儿,我自然会有一些独特的拳击技术,这是别人不可能具备的。在现阶段,我认为自己棒极了!''一些商家看中了这对拳坛父女的商业价值,最近,一家运动品牌就利用电脑技术,让阿里父女在拳台上同场竞技。在这样的比赛中,我们看到的,并不是胜负,而是一种生命力的延续。

练习:

1. A)with B)for C)as D)

2. A)of B)on C)for D)at

3. A)on B)to C)with D)at

4. A)after B)over C)along D)up

5. A)therefore B)however C)accordingly D)whereas. .

6.。A)as B)like C)for D)to

7. A)Luckily B)Similarly C)Undoubtedly D)Unfortunately

8. A)that B)what C)how D)why

9. A)as B)like C)to D)against

1 0.A)fight B)name C)success D)image

11.A)better B)best C)worse D)worst

大家论坛职称英语

1 2.A)if B)that C)what D)how

1 3.A)in spite B)spite C)despite D)despite of

1 4.A)argument B)criticism C)quarrel D)bickering

1 5.A)arrival B)birth C)departure D)attention

答案与题解:

1.C diagnosis of?as把某种疾病诊断为??,类似的短语有regard?as,consider...as 和think of?as等。

2. A 此题是对语法的考查,criticize由动词变为名词criticism,其逻辑上的宾语应由介词of引导。

3.B考查介词短语搭配,be opposed to和opposition to,固定搭配。

4.D take up是从事某种职业,take after是与某人长得相像,take over是接手,take along是随身携带。

5.B 根据上下文判断,前面讲拳王阿里反对女子从事拳击运动(his outspoken opposition women's boxing),随后又讲他亲自出席女儿的首场比赛,明显对比,故应选however。

6.A as much?as 属于固定搭配。

7.D 首场比赛,备受媒体关注,不了比赛仅持续了31秒,难免令人失望,故应选unfortunately,因观众难以目睹拳王女儿的风采。

8.B she knows what she’s doing,此句型口语中较为常见,如某人说I know what I’m doing 或 I know what I’m talking about,则表示说话者本人对自己的言行很有信心。

9. C 对介词短语 compare A to B 的考查。前者有比作、比拟的意思,后者表示把A和B作比较的意思。

10.B make one’s own name 表示成功、成名的意思。其他表示成功的短语还有make it,口语中更常见。答案C make one’s own success有中式英语Chinglish之嫌。

11. D 考查上下文,下文中“a broken nose or a swollen face”暗示拳击运动员受伤病困扰的苦恼,更不要说拳王本身正受帕金森综合症的折磨。另外,possible 一词之前常出现形容词最高级。综合上文两处的解释,worst 是最佳答案。

12.A 拳王表明拳击运动可能会造成严重的后果,意欲让女儿白己决定“是否”继续 从事这项危险的运动。

13. C 此题考查易混淆短语 in spite of和介词despite,多一个of或少一个of,都不对。

14. B对上下文的考查,文中第一段就有"fuelled the debate about the dangers of boxing and CRITICISM of the sport”。

15. A 对上下文的考查,文中多次提及拳王女儿是初登拳坛,如第一段中“His presence at Laila’s FIRST professional fight”,如第二段中的“Twenty-one-year-old Laila’s DEBUT fight”,都是暗示莱拉“出现”在拳坛,故arrival最合适。答案B的搭配应该是the birth of ,而不是介词 on 。答案C的departure 是离开拳坛。答案D的attention 首先介词搭配应该是to,其次意思也不是甚为贴切。

大家论坛职称英语

+第十五篇

Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred Years

A hundred years ago,life expectancy in developed countries was about 47: in the early 21st century, men in the United States and the United Kingdom can expect to live to about 74. Women to about 80, and these _____l_____ are rising all the time. What has brought _____2_____ these changes? When we look at the life_____3_____of people l00 years ago, we need to look at the greatest_____4_____of the time. In the early 20th century, these were the acute and often _____3_____ infectious diseases such as smallpox. Many children died very young from these diseases and others, and the weak and elderly were always at risk.

In the_____6_____world these diseases are far_____7_____today, and in some cases have almost disappeared. A number of_____8_____have led to this: improvements in sanitation and hygiene, the discovery and use of antibiotics, which_____9_____bacterial diseases much less dangerous, and vaccinations_____l0_____common diseases._____11_____, people's general health has improved with improvements in our general environment: cleaner air, better means of preserving food,better and warmer housing,and better understanding of nutrition.

Genetically,we should all be able to live to about 85 but_____l2_____people do live longer today, there are still some big killers around that are preventing US from consistently reaching that age. The problems that affect people today are the more chronic illnesses, such as heart disease and strokes, and those_____l3_____by viruses, such as influenza and AIDS l. Of course, cancer is a huge killer as well. In most cases these diseases affect_____l4_____people, but there are worrying trends in the developed world with problems such as obesity_____l5_____more heart disease and illnesses such as diabetes at younger ages.

The killers today can be classed as "lifestyle diseases",which means that it may be possible to halt their progress.

词汇:

Expectancy n.预期

Acute aaj.(疾病)急性的

Infectious adj.传染性的

Smallpox n.天花

Sanitation n.环境卫生

Hygiene n.个人卫生

Antibiotic n.抗生素

Bacterial adj.细菌性的

Vaccination n.种痘,接种

Preserve vt.保藏,防止(食物)腐烂

Nutrition n.营养

Chronic aaj.(疾病)慢性的

Stroke n.中风

大家论坛职称英语

Virus n.病毒

Influenza n.流行性感冒

Trend n.趋势,倾向

Obesity n.肥胖

Diabetes n.糖尿病

Halt vt.使...停止

注释:

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome(AIDS):艾滋病,后天性免疫缺乏综合症

练习: ,

1. A ages B years C lives D countries

2. A in B about C to D with

3. A length B time C duration D span

4. A people B killers C invention D nation

5. A more B less C high D highly

6. A developed B less developed C undeveloped D developing

7. A more deadly B deadly C 1ess deadly D fatal

8. A improvements B factors C jobs D measures

9. A makes B causes C make D from

10. A against B for C to D cause

11. A And B Therefore C In addition D Nevertheless

12. A when B yet C however D while

13. A spread B affected C produced D created

14. A poor B weak C older D young

15. A and B leading to C from D with

答案与题解:

1. A通过上下文可知此处应为"年龄".

2. B bring about意思是"带来",bring in意为赚取,实现(一定利润),没有bring to这个短语,如果用with,此句话必须变成what has it brought with these changes才符合语法,但意思就不符合文章了。

3. D life span是一个固定搭配,意为寿命。

4. B从下一句可以看出此处应指那些不治之症。

5. D本句举了天花的例子,下一句指出很多孩子死于这些病,所以此处应为一个表严重的词。high是形容词,不能修饰后面的形容词。Acute不是比较级,所以and后面也不应用比较级。

6. A本句后部分说在一些国家这些病已经消失,通过常识得知应该是发达国家。

大家论坛职称英语

7. C本句后部分说在一些国家这些病已经消失,整段都在说明情况好转,故选C.

8. B 冒号后面列举的内容不能统一用其他几个词概括,只能用factor.

9. C注意这里的which不是非限制定语从旬中指代前面l句话的作用,而是指代前面两项内容:卫生的改善和抗生素的发明使用,所以which后的动词不用三单形式。cause没有这样的语法搭配。

10.A该选项为固定搭配,意为对某种疾病的预防接种。

11.C前面说的是对疾病的防范和控制加强,后面说的是整体环境的改善,两者为并列关系,但是And在书面语中不能这样使用,所以只能选in addition.

12.D整句话的意思是:从基因角度看,人都能活到85岁,但是虽然现在人们寿命确实比以前长了,仍然有一些疾病使得我们不能都活到那个岁数。所以此处应该填一个转折副词。

13.A those指代流感和艾滋病等靠病毒传播的疾病,those后面的动词是过去分词作定语。spread的过去分词与原形相同。

14.C本句最后指出一些病越来越年轻化,所以此处应选择younger的反义词。

15.B obesity是心脏病和糖尿病年轻化的重要原因,它和心脏病、糖尿病不是并列关系,而是因果关系,所以选择leading to,现在分词作结果状语。

本文标题:职称英语新增文章-2015年职称英语理工A补全短文新增文章译文Affectionate_Androids
本文地址: http://www.61k.com/1123085.html

61阅读| 精彩专题| 最新文章| 热门文章| 苏ICP备13036349号-1