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gre词汇讲解下载-GRE词汇词源解析-069(下)【communal-compassionate】

发布时间:2017-08-22 所属栏目:bereft

一 : GRE词汇词源解析-069(下)【communal-compassionate】

0696

communal

['kɑmjʊnl]

adj. 公共的;公社的

词源拆分

=com- + mun + -al

简单同源

Common

词源解读

来自法语的 commune【small territorial divisions set up after theRevolution】,来自中古法语commune【free city,group of citizens】;来自中古拉丁语communia,用作中性形容词communis,字面意思是that which is common,The Commune of Paris 【巴黎公社】的使用使得该词逐步出现“共产”的概念。Common的本意是是belonging to all,general,来自古法语comun 【common,general,free,open,public】,来自拉丁语communis 【in common,public,shared by all or many;general,not specific;familiar,not pretentious】,来自原始印欧语*ko-moin-i- 【held in common】,可拆分为*ko- 【together】+ *moi-n-【*mei- "change,exchange",hence literally "shared by all"】。

词根变形

commu-,comm-

词根释义

common,universal,public;multitude and common people

同源同根

Commune,communal,communalize,communicate,communication,communion,communism,communist,community,common

例句解读

Communal violence broke out in different parts ofthe country.

团体暴力冲突在该国不同地区爆发了。

0697

comparison

[kəm'pærɪsn]

n. 比较;对照;比喻;比较关系

词源拆分

=com- + par- +

简单同源

pair

词源解读

来自古法语comparaison,来自拉丁词comparationem,来自动词不定式comparare 【make equal with,liken,bring together for a contest;lit. to couple together,to form in pairs】,可拆分为com-【with】+ parare 【to make,prepare】,词干parer 【arrange,prepare;trim,adorn】,来自拉丁词 parare 【make ready,furnish,provide,arrange,order】,来自印欧词根*pere- 【produce,procure,bring forward,bring forth】。

词根变形

pari-,par- +

词根释义

same,equal,equality,equal value

同源同根

Parity,compare,comparable,comparability,comparative,comparison disparate,disparity,imparity,pair,peer,peerage,peerless,umpire【n. 裁判员,仲裁人】, compeer,disparage【vt. 蔑视;毁谤】

例句解读

The amount of carbon dioxide released by humanactivities such as burning coal and oil is small incomparison.

相比之下人类燃烧煤、石油等活动所释放的二氧化碳的量是少的。

0698

compass

['kʌmpəs]

n. 指南针,罗盘;圆规

vt. 包围

词源拆分

=com- + pass

简单同源

pass

词源解读

意思是space,area,extent,circumference,来自古法语的compas 【circle,radius,pair of compasses】,来自 compasser 【to go around,measure,divide equally】,来自通俗拉丁语 *compassare【to pace out】,可拆分为com- 【together】+ passus【a step】。

词根变形

pass-,pace-

词根释义

step,stepping

同源同根

Pass,passage,passenger,passerby,passover,passport,pastime,bypass,compass,impasse,overpass,repass,surpass,trespass,trespasser,underpass,gyrocompass,astrocompass,encompass,pace

例句解读

Your phone,with its GPS and compass,knows what you are looking at,so it can tell you before you even ask.

你的带有GPS和指南针功能的手机将知道你在看什么,它甚至可以在你问出这个问题之前就做回答。

0699

compassion

[kəm'pæʃən]

n. 同情;怜悯

词源拆分

=com- + passion

简单同源

passion

词源解读

来自古法语的compassion【sympathy,pity】,来自后期拉丁语compassionem【sympathy】,来自compati 【to feel pity】,可拆分为 com-【together】+ pati【to suffer】。

词根变形

pass-,pati- +

词根释义

suffering,feeling;enduring

同源同根

Passion,passionate,passive,passivism,compassion,compassionate,dispassion,dispassionate,patient,patience,impassible,impassibility,impassion,impassionate,impassioned,impassive,impatient,compatible,compatibility,incompatible,pathos,pathetic,pathogeny,pathology,antipathy,antipathetic,apathy,apathetic,empathy,neuropathy,psychopathic,psychopathy,sympathetic,sympathize,sympathy

例句解读

He could not help having compassion for the poorcreature.

他情不自禁地怜悯起那个可怜的人来。

0700

compassionate

[kəm'pæʃənət]

adj. 慈悲的;富于同情心的

vt. 同情;怜悯

词源拆分

=com- + passion + -ate

简单同源

passion

词源解读

可拆分为 compassion + -ate。Compassion 来自古法语的compassion【sympathy,pity】,来自后期拉丁语compassionem【sympathy】,来自compati 【to feel pity】,可拆分为 com-【together】+ pati【to suffer】。

词根变形

pass-,pati- +

词根释义

suffering,feeling;enduring

同源同根

Passion,passionate,passive,passivism,compassion,compassionate,dispassion,dispassionate,patient,patience,impassible,impassibility,impassion,impassionate,impassioned,impassive,impatient,compatible,compatibility,incompatible,pathos,pathetic,pathogeny,pathology,antipathy,antipathetic,apathy,apathetic,empathy,neuropathy,psychopathic,psychopathy,sympathetic,sympathize,sympathy

例句解读

And she shows her love for him with interestedquestions and compassionate responses.

她用有趣的问题和富有同情心的回应,向他展示自己的爱。

二 : GRE词汇词源解析-045【bend-bereft】

词源拆分

=be- + rate

词源解读

可拆分为 be-【thoroughly】+ 中古英语 rate【to scold】,来自古法语的reter【accuse, blame】,来自拉丁语reputare,其衍生词是reputation

[VERB] V n for n, also Vn
If you berate someone, you speak to them angrily aboutsomething they have done wrong. (FORMAL)
Marion berated Joe for the noise he made.
= chide, rebuke

同源同根

0460

bereft

adj. 失去...的; 丧失亲人的

简单同源

Rapid

词源拆分

=be- + reft

词源解读

bereave的过去式,变化规则如同leave的过去式left。来自古英语的bereafian【to deprive of, take away, seize,rob】,可拆分为be + reafian 【rob, plunder】;来自原始日耳曼语的 *raubojanan,来自原始印欧语*reup- 【to snatch】,词干衍生rapid

[ADJ] usu v-link ADJ, usu ADJ ofn
If a person or thing is bereft of something, they nolonger have it. (FORMAL)
The place seemed to be utterly bereft of human life.
= devoid

同源同根

三 : GRE词汇词源解析-058【catchword-celibate】

0581

catchword

n. n.口号, 流行语, 标语,(字典等的)眉题

简单同源

word

词源拆分

=catch + word

词源解读

在过去的英文书籍中,该页的右下角就会印出下一页文字的第一个单词,在于引起读者注意(catch the reader’sattention),接着往下读。这个写在前页右下角的下页的首个词被称为catchword。词义发展,该词还用于剧场中,指演员上场时的“提示词”,后来还发展出“标语”,“口号”等意思。

同源同根

0582

caterpillar

n.毛毛虫,蝴蝶的幼虫

简单同源

词源拆分

=cater + pillar

词源解读

来自古法语caterpilose,字面意思hairycat;来自后期拉丁语的 catta 【cat】+ pilosus 【hair】。后面的词干还可以被认为是piller 【plunderer】的词干,表示掠夺,英语由此得到的pillage,毛毛虫就像贪婪的掠夺者,把那些树皮都吃光了,也暗含这层意思。

同源同根

Depilate,depilatory,egagropilus(毛块,毛团),epilate(给…拔毛),horripilate(使毛骨悚然),pilar(毛发的),pileous(多毛的),piliation(毛发生成),piliferous(adj. (尤指植物)有毛的, 具毛的),piliform(adj. 毛样的, 长毛状的),

0583

causal

a.原因的,因果关系的

简单同源

Cause

词源拆分

=cause- + -al

词源解读

来自拉丁语causalis 【relating to acause】,来自 causa,同cause同根同源。caus-就是词根形式,意思为cause, reason, purpose; judicialprocess, lawsuit。

同源同根

accusation , accusative ,accusatively , accusatory , accuse , accuser , because , causal ,causality , causation , causative , causatively, causativeness , cause, causeless , causelessly , excusable, excusableness , excusably ,excuse, inexcusable

inexcusableness , inexcusably,recusal, recuse, ruse

0584

caustic

a.腐蚀性的;刻薄的n.腐蚀剂

简单同源

词源拆分

词源解读

来自古法语caustique,来自拉丁语causticus【burning, caustic】;来自希腊语 kaustikos 【capable of burning】;来自kaustos 【combustible】,来自希腊词表示燃烧的词kaiein。到18世纪才出现比喻义sarcastic,猜测可能是因为燃烧都是氧化反应,物体被腐蚀也多是氧化反应。词根变化有如下几种caust-, caus-, caut-, cauter-,cau-,暗含火,燃烧之意。

同源同根

Acaustobiolith(非可燃性生物岩),catacaustic(回光的),causticize,cauter(灼烧器),diacaustic(折光线的),encaustic(adj. 上釉烧的, 烧上彩色的, 烧上蜡的),eremacausis(n. [化]慢性氧化),holocaust,

0585

cautionary

a.劝人警戒的,谨慎的

简单同源

Caution

词源拆分

=caution +-ary

词源解读

Definition of CAUTION

1: warning, admonishment

2: precaution

3: prudent forethought to minimizerisk

4: one that astonishes or commandsattention <some shoes you see … these days are acaution — Esquire>

同源同根

Cautel,caution,cautious,cautiousness,precaution,precautionary

0586

cautious

a.小心的,谨慎的

简单同源

caution

词源拆分

=caut- + -ious

词源解读

Definition:

1. showing carefulforethought;

2. avoiding excess;

3. cautious in attitude and carefulin actions; prudent;

4. unwilling to take risks

同源同根

-ousadvantageousavariciouscautiouscapriciouscourteouscovetousdangerousdeliciousenviousfrivolousfuriousgloriousgorgeousharmonioushideousindustrious laborious malicious oblivious odious ominousoutrageousperilouspoisonouspompousrighteousseriousspaciousspontaneous strenuous studious tedioustreacheroustremendoustremulousvariousviciousvirtuouszealous

0587

cavil

v.挑毛病,吹毛求疵

简单同源

词源拆分

词源解读

来自中古法语caviller 【to mock, jest】,来自拉丁语cavillari 【to satirize, arguescoffingly】;来自cavilla 【jest, jeering】。

例句:

I don't intend to cavil orcompromise.

A customer caviled about theprice.

同源同根

Calumny,

0588

cavity

n.(牙齿等的)洞,腔

简单同源

Cave

词源拆分

=cav + -ity

词源解读

来自中古法语 cavité,来自后期拉丁语cavitas 【hollowness】,来自拉丁词cavus 【hollow】。

同源同根

cav=hollow cave cavern cavernous cavity concave excavateexcavationexcavator

0589

celestial

a.天体的,天上的

简单同源

ceil

词源拆分

=celest + -ial

词源解读

来自古法语celestial 【celestial, heavenly,sky-blue】;来自拉丁语caelestis 【heavenly, pertaining to thesky】,来自名词caelum 【heaven, sky;abode of the gods;climate】。可能来自原始印欧词根*kaid-slo-,该词根的本义是bright。

同源同根

ceil , ceiling , celesta , celestia ,celestial, celestially

0590

celibate

n.独身者a.不结婚的

简单同源

词源拆分

=celib - + -ate

词源解读

意为state of celibacy,来自法语célibat,来自拉丁语 caelibatus。形容词的意思是unmarried, sworn to remainsingle。

The Pope bluntly told the world'spriests yesterday to stay celibate.

教皇昨天直言全世界的神父都应该禁欲。

同源同根

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